Cylinder head for internal-combustion engines



Oct.'16, 1928. 1,687,526

E. H. TARTRAIS CYLINDER HEAD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Jan. 14. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet" 1 BMAEM 7 @hbwm Oct. 16. 1928.

E. H. TARTRAIS AL COMBUSTION ENGINES CYLINDER HEAD FOR INTERN File ,qamgi, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Oct. 16, 1928.

PATENT OFFICE.

EUGENE HENRI TABTBLIS, 01' MONTHOBENC'Y, FRANCE.

OYIJJTDER HEAD FOB INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed January 14, 1926, Serial ll'o. 81,142, and in France January 21, '1925.

The present invention relates to internal combustion engines of the known type comprising a non-cooled combustion chamber and a sprayer which supplies liquid fuel to said chamber and which is cooled by a circulation of water or other liquid. In such engines it is necessary to provide between the hot combustion chamber wall and the cooled cylinder head a fluidtight connection which will permit the expansion and contraction of the said chamber wall; it is also necessary to provide a combustion chamber wall adapted to perform elastic deformations, and to provide for an efiicient cooling of the sprayer.

In my said invention, I propose to comply with the aforesaid conditions 1n a more complete and satisfactory manner than in the known devices, and to further provide for the manufacture of the apparatus with greater facility and at a less expense.

One particular feature of the invention consists in the fact that the combustion chamber wall is imbedded in the metal of the cylinder head during the casting of the latter, in

such manner as to preserve a certain freedom of expansion during the operation of the engine. The said chamber preferably comprises flanged edges which are'ifiibedded in the metal of the cylinder head. The sprayer is screwed into the cylinder head and is provided with a water jacket which communicates with the water jacket of the cylinder head; the said sprayer is removably secured to the cylinder head, and extends through a rotatable valve or closing member whereby the water jacket for the sprayer may be out 01f from the water jacket for the cylinder head, thus affording a ready dismounting of the sprayer. 7

Further characteristics of the said invention will be set forth in the following description, with reference to the appended drawings which are given by way of example. Fig. 1 is an axial section on the line a?!) of Fig. 4 of my improved cylinder head.

Fig. 2 isan axial section on the line c-d of.

Fig. 4. r

Fig. 3 is a detail view showing a horizontal section on the line gh of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the broken line'e-f of Fig. 2.

In the form of construction herein represented, 1 is the cylinder head which is provided with a water jacket 2 and is secured to wall which is surrounded by an air chamber 4 1s imbedded in the cylinder head when casting the latter. The entire cylinder head I cylinder head. Notches 16may'be formed in the flange 15 (Fig. 3) in order to prevent the rotation of the chamber wall. A tight joint is obtained at the outer faces 12 and 13 of the chamber, due to the internal pressure and to the expansion of the said chamber wall. It

will be noted that the upper flange 14 may expand laterally under the action of arise of temperature. The chamber wall is prevented from expanding vertically, but due to its round shape and its small thickness it will take a lateral elastic deformation.

The combustion chamber 3 is in communication withvthe atmosphere through a nozzle 5 adapted for the insertion of the spark-plug for starting purposes; Said nozzle comprises a restricted part 5 which does not substan- ;tially reduce the elasticity of the chamber preferably I wall. 6 is an aperture through which a lamp, or like heating means may be inserted in order to heat the combustion chamber wall and start the engine if the spark plug does not work.

A lower central part or throttling member 18 forms a conduit whereby the combustion chamber is put in communication with the cylinder; it may be .cast integral with the chamber wall, but I prefer to provide a separate member, as shown, so that this part, being the most subjected to wear, can be readily replaced. The said member or throttling part 18'is held in place by the screwthreaded ring 19. These two members may be made in one piece, but in the arrangement illustrated, I am enabled to make the throttling part of a very hard alloy, such as the alloy known as stellite (consisting of chromium, cobalt and tungsten) which cannot be machined but only ground. It should be noted that this assembling device is not necessarily gas tight.

Within the combustion cham tmpis; referably disposed a shield or deflector 1 of a refractory metal or allo for instance of the same metal or alloy as tiiat employed for the chamber wall; said shield or deflector is mounted on the lower end of the sprayer 7 and covers the latter without being in contact with it. This shield will remain hot like the remainder of the chamber wall.

The sprayer 7 is screwed into the upper aperture of the combustion chamber and may be removed upwardly. It is surrounded by a water jacket 7 a which communicates through the orifices 8 and 9 with the water jacket of the cylinder head. The said sprayer extends can be readily expelled by giving a few turns to the engine.

Obviously, the aforesaid arrangements are susceptible of various modifications without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having now described my invention, What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A cylinder head for internal combustion engine Working with liquid fuel comprising in combination: a cooled outer casing, an inner wall limiting a central combustion chamber and having flanged edges at the upper and lower parts, imbedded in said casing when casting the latter, and a fuel atomizer opening into said combustion chamber.

2. A cylinder head for internal combustion engine working with liguid fuel comprising in combination: a coole outer casing, an inner wall limiting a central combustion chamher and having flanged notched edges at the upper and lower parts imbedded in said casing, when castingthe latter,the notches of said edges being adapted to prevent said wall from rotating 'and a fuel. atomizer opening into said combustion chamber.

3. A cylinder head for internal combustion engine working with liquid fuel comprising in combination: a cooled outer casing, an inner wall limiting a central combustion cham- .ber and having flanged edges at the upper and lower part, imbedded in said casing when casting the latter, a fuel atomizer opening into said combustion chamber, an'opening in said wall coaxially with said fuel atomizer adapted toafford communication between said combustion chamber and the engine cylinder, an annular member made of a very hard alloy engaging said-wall and a screwthreaded clamping "ring adapted to be screwed into a screw-threaded portion of said wall for holding said annular member in place.

4. A cylinder head for internal combustion engine working with liquid fuel, comprising in combination: an outer casing,' 'a water jacket surrounding said casing, an inner Wall limiting a central combustion chamber, means for'connecting said Wall to said casing, a fuel atomizer mounted on saidv outer casing and opening into said combustion chamber, a water jacket-surrounding said'fuel atomizer and a rotary closing member disposed around the latter and adapted to open or break .the

communication between said water jacket forsaid fuel atomizer and said water jacket for said casing.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

EUGENE HENRI TARTRAIS. 

